What is the Function of Car Connectivity

 

Car phone connected mapping means car phone connected, you can cast the phone to the car display or use the car screen to operate the functions on the phone. It is convenient to use the large screen in the car to watch videos in the phone, as well as use the navigation in the phone. There are mainly CarPlay, MirrorLink, Android Auto and other ways on the market. Details are as follows.

 

Car phone connected mapping means that the phone is cast to the car display, but also through the display to operate the phone in the navigation, video, music, games and other functions, the addition of car phone mapping function, can facilitate the use of the car large screen to watch the video in the phone, as well as the use of the phone in the navigation;.

 

Currently, mapping mainly has three different connection methods, USB, WiFi, and Bluetooth, it is recommended to combine the connection methods chosen by different cell phones and car brands.

 

Currently on the market several cell phone interconnection / mapping classification, the first is the car system CarPlay released by Apple, only supports the iPhone with Lightning interface. Users can operate through the vehicle's built-in touchscreen display and control keys, or Siri Eyes Free feature. Allows easy and secure access to make calls, listen to music, send and receive messages, and use navigation.

 

MirrorLink is an open industry standard for connectivity between smartphones and in-vehicle systems established by a joint initiative of some internationally renowned cell phone manufacturers and car manufacturers. Users can project cell phone applications onto the car's center display through MirrorLink, and zoom in on the projected application icons through the display, ensuring shorter operation time while driving. while the phone itself remains operable.

 

Android Auto is an operating system developed by Google for cars. This system needs to extend the functions to the car's dashboard through Android smartphones and show them through a more suitable way for driving. The smartphone's system must be above Android 5.0 Lollipop and connected via USB. Also the car itself must of course have Android Auto pre-installed.

 

Connectivity Enables More Accurate Car Positioning

 

While solutions such as CDNN toolkits allow neural networks to run locally on embedded processors, the most effective AI systems require cloud connectivity. When connected to a data center, new or anomalous information captured by the embedded device during the inference process (the process by which the target applies the logic outlined by the AI model to make decisions) can be fed back into the AI model to optimize it over time.

 

Beyond that, the main application of connectivity in ADAS and autonomous driving use cases is localization. For example, precision global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) are now available in Europe, Russia and the United States, providing accuracy down to the centimeter level for applications such as LDW and V2X communications.

 

The improved accuracy of GNSS systems can be attributed to newer error modeling techniques that account for sources of error, such as satellite orbital position errors, satellite clock errors, and ionospheric and tropospheric disturbances.

 

To counteract these errors in GNSS systems, private error correction services have historically used Observation Space Representation (OSR). In OSR, a two-way communication link is used to combine observations from the GNSS reference station with distance-dependent errors based on the position of the GNSS receiver in the field (Figure 1). The corrected errors are then transmitted to the target platform as a one-time sum, which limits their accuracy.

 

 

Figure 1. Observation Space Representation (OSR) error modeling techniques require a GNSS reference station and bi-directional communication with the field GNSS user. Error correction is provided on a one-time basis, which reduces their accuracy.

 

In contrast, state-space representation (SSR) relies on a one-way broadcast directly from the satellite to a single GNSS receiver, and only the observations from that receiver are used for error correction (Figure 2). In SSR implementations, error correction is also provided as a separate component, which is combined with single-source observations to produce the centimeter-level positioning mentioned earlier.

 

 

State-space representation (SSR) error modeling eliminates the GNSS reference station and relies only on observations from a specific GNSS receiver. Error correction is provided as a single component to improve positioning accuracy.

 

Multiple frequency bands solve the multipath problem

 

For all its benefits, however, the correction service does not account for multipath errors caused by reflections or diffraction of satellite signals as they pass through the environment. To overcome the challenges in automotive safety and other applications requiring precise single point positioning (PPP), providers such as u-blox have adopted a multi-band approach.

 

GNSS satellites transmit signals in different frequency bands, including GPS L1 (1575 MHz), GPS L2 (1227 MHz) and GPS L5 (1176 MHz). This is fortunate in the context of PPP because for each additional frequency used, more distortion is removed from the atmosphere.

 

u-blox' dual-frequency receiver, due to be launched in 2018, takes advantage of this phenomenon. As shown in Figure 3, using this dual-frequency GNSS approach to eliminate multipath errors and SSR correction services provides the positioning accuracy needed for safety-critical applications.

 

Figure 3. Dual-frequency GNSS receivers and SSR error correction provide better positioning accuracy than existing solutions.

 

Cutting Error Correction Costs Will Connect Cars

 

While high-precision GNSS is still somewhat of a niche technology, u-blox predicts that the market will mature by 2025. However, in order to achieve mass market adoption, the cost of private GNSS error correction services must be reduced.

 

Previous: Introduction to Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)

Next: What is Automotive Functional Safety